geomechanics/poroelastic/couplingmanager.hh

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#ifndef DUMUX_POROMECHANICS_COUPLING_MANAGER_HH
#define DUMUX_POROMECHANICS_COUPLING_MANAGER_HH
 
#include <algorithm>
#include <type_traits>
 
#include <dumux/common/properties.hh>
#include <dumux/discretization/elementsolution.hh>
#include <dumux/discretization/evalgradients.hh>
#include <dumux/multidomain/couplingmanager.hh>
 
namespace Dumux {
 
template< class MDTraits,
          std::size_t PMFlowId = 0,
          std::size_t PoroMechId = PMFlowId+1 >
class PoroMechanicsCouplingManager : public virtual CouplingManager< MDTraits >
{
    using ParentType = CouplingManager< MDTraits >;
 
    // the sub-domain type tags
    template<std::size_t id> using SubDomainTypeTag = typename MDTraits::template SubDomain<id>::TypeTag;
 
    // further types specific to the sub-problems
    template<std::size_t id> using Scalar = GetPropType<SubDomainTypeTag<id>, Properties::Scalar>;
    template<std::size_t id> using Problem = GetPropType<SubDomainTypeTag<id>, Properties::Problem>;
    template<std::size_t id> using LocalResidual = GetPropType<SubDomainTypeTag<id>, Properties::LocalResidual>;
    template<std::size_t id> using GridVariables = GetPropType<SubDomainTypeTag<id>, Properties::GridVariables>;
    template<std::size_t id> using PrimaryVariables = typename GridVariables<id>::PrimaryVariables;
    template<std::size_t id> using GridVolumeVariables = typename GridVariables<id>::GridVolumeVariables;
    template<std::size_t id> using ElementVolumeVariables = typename GridVolumeVariables<id>::LocalView;
    template<std::size_t id> using VolumeVariables = typename GridVolumeVariables<id>::VolumeVariables;
    template<std::size_t id> using GridGeometry = typename GridVariables<id>::GridGeometry;
    template<std::size_t id> using FVElementGeometry = typename GridGeometry<id>::LocalView;
    template<std::size_t id> using GridView = typename GridGeometry<id>::GridView;
    template<std::size_t id> using GridIndexType = typename GridView<id>::IndexSet::IndexType;
    template<std::size_t id> using Element = typename GridView<id>::template Codim<0>::Entity;
    template<std::size_t id> using GlobalPosition = typename Element<id>::Geometry::GlobalCoordinate;
 
    static_assert(std::is_same< GridView<PMFlowId>, GridView<PoroMechId> >::value,
                  "The grid types of the two sub-problems have to be equal!");
 
    static_assert(GridGeometry<PoroMechId>::discMethod == DiscretizationMethods::box,
                  "Poro-mechanical problem must be discretized with the box scheme for this coupling manager!");
 
    static_assert(GridGeometry<PMFlowId>::discMethod == DiscretizationMethods::cctpfa ||
                  GridGeometry<PMFlowId>::discMethod == DiscretizationMethods::ccmpfa,
                  "Porous medium flow problem must be discretized with a cell-centered scheme for this coupling manager!");
 
    static_assert(!GetPropType<SubDomainTypeTag<PMFlowId>, Properties::GridVariables>::GridVolumeVariables::cachingEnabled,
                  "Poromechanics framework does not yet work for enabled grid volume variables caching");
 
    template<std::size_t id>
    using CouplingIndexType = typename std::conditional< id == PMFlowId,
                                                         GridIndexType<PoroMechId>,
                                                         GridIndexType<PMFlowId> >::type;
 
    struct PoroMechanicsCouplingContext
    {
        // We need unique ptrs because the local views have no default constructor
        Element<PMFlowId> pmFlowElement;
        std::unique_ptr< FVElementGeometry<PMFlowId> > pmFlowFvGeometry;
        std::unique_ptr< ElementVolumeVariables<PMFlowId> > pmFlowElemVolVars;
    };
 
public:
 
    // export the domain ids
    static constexpr auto pmFlowId = Dune::index_constant<PMFlowId>();
    static constexpr auto poroMechId = Dune::index_constant<PoroMechId>();
 
    template<std::size_t i, std::size_t j = (i == PMFlowId) ? PoroMechId : PMFlowId>
    using CouplingStencilType = typename std::conditional< i == PMFlowId,
                                                           std::vector< CouplingIndexType<i> >,
                                                           std::array< CouplingIndexType<i>, 1> >::type;
 
    using SolutionVector = typename MDTraits::SolutionVector;
 
    void init(std::shared_ptr< Problem<PMFlowId> > pmFlowProblem,
              std::shared_ptr< Problem<PoroMechId> > poroMechanicalProblem,
              const SolutionVector& curSol)
    {
        // set the sub problems
        this->setSubProblem(pmFlowProblem, pmFlowId);
        this->setSubProblem(poroMechanicalProblem, poroMechId);
 
        // copy the solution vector
        ParentType::updateSolution(curSol);
        // set up the coupling map pmfow -> poromechanics
        initializeCouplingMap_();
    }
 
    const CouplingStencilType<PMFlowId>& couplingStencil(Dune::index_constant<PMFlowId> pmFlowDomainId,
                                                         const Element<PMFlowId>& element,
                                                         Dune::index_constant<PoroMechId> poroMechDomainId) const
    {
        return pmFlowCouplingMap_[ this->problem(pmFlowId).gridGeometry().elementMapper().index(element) ];
    }
 
    const CouplingStencilType<PoroMechId> couplingStencil(Dune::index_constant<PoroMechId> poroMechDomainId,
                                                          const Element<PoroMechId>& element,
                                                          Dune::index_constant<PMFlowId> pmFlowDomainId) const
    {
        const auto eIdx = this->problem(pmFlowId).gridGeometry().elementMapper().index(element);
        return CouplingStencilType<PoroMechId>{ {eIdx} };
    }
 
    using ParentType::bindCouplingContext;
 
    template< class Assembler >
    void bindCouplingContext(Dune::index_constant<PoroMechId> poroMechDomainId,
                             const Element<PoroMechId>& element,
                             const Assembler& assembler)
    {
        // first reset the context
        poroMechCouplingContext_.pmFlowFvGeometry.reset(nullptr);
        poroMechCouplingContext_.pmFlowElemVolVars.reset(nullptr);
 
        // prepare the fvGeometry and the element volume variables
        // these quantities will be used later to obtain the effective pressure
        const auto fvGeometry = localView( this->problem(pmFlowId).gridGeometry() ).bindElement(element);
        const auto elemVolVars = localView(assembler.gridVariables(Dune::index_constant<PMFlowId>()).curGridVolVars()).bindElement(element,
                                                                                                                             fvGeometry,
                                                                                                                             this->curSol(Dune::index_constant<PMFlowId>()));
 
        poroMechCouplingContext_.pmFlowElement = element;
        poroMechCouplingContext_.pmFlowFvGeometry = std::make_unique< FVElementGeometry<PMFlowId> >(fvGeometry);
        poroMechCouplingContext_.pmFlowElemVolVars = std::make_unique< ElementVolumeVariables<PMFlowId> >(elemVolVars);
    }
 
    template< class PoroMechLocalAssembler >
    void updateCouplingContext(Dune::index_constant<PoroMechId> poroMechDomainId,
                               const PoroMechLocalAssembler& poroMechLocalAssembler,
                               Dune::index_constant<PMFlowId> pmFlowDomainId,
                               GridIndexType<PMFlowId> dofIdxGlobalJ,
                               const PrimaryVariables<PMFlowId>& priVarsJ,
                               unsigned int pvIdxJ)
    {
        // communicate the deflected pm flow domain primary variable
        ParentType::updateCouplingContext(poroMechDomainId, poroMechLocalAssembler, pmFlowDomainId, dofIdxGlobalJ, priVarsJ, pvIdxJ);
 
        // now, update the coupling context (i.e. elemVolVars)
        const auto& element = poroMechCouplingContext_.pmFlowElement;
        const auto& fvGeometry = *poroMechCouplingContext_.pmFlowFvGeometry;
        poroMechCouplingContext_.pmFlowElemVolVars->bindElement(element, fvGeometry, this->curSol(pmFlowDomainId));
    }
 
    template< class PoroMechLocalAssembler >
    void updateCouplingContext(Dune::index_constant<PoroMechId> poroMechDomainIdI,
                               const PoroMechLocalAssembler& poroMechLocalAssembler,
                               Dune::index_constant<PoroMechId> poroMechDomainIdJ,
                               GridIndexType<PoroMechId> dofIdxGlobalJ,
                               const PrimaryVariables<PoroMechId>& priVarsJ,
                               unsigned int pvIdxJ)
    {
        // communicate the deflected displacement
        ParentType::updateCouplingContext(poroMechDomainIdI, poroMechLocalAssembler, poroMechDomainIdJ, dofIdxGlobalJ, priVarsJ, pvIdxJ);
 
        // now, update the coupling context (i.e. elemVolVars)
        (*poroMechCouplingContext_.pmFlowElemVolVars).bindElement(poroMechCouplingContext_.pmFlowElement,
                                                                  *poroMechCouplingContext_.pmFlowFvGeometry,
                                                                  this->curSol(Dune::index_constant<PMFlowId>()));
    }
 
    template< std::size_t j, class PMFlowLocalAssembler >
    void updateCouplingContext(Dune::index_constant<PMFlowId> pmFlowDomainId,
                               const PMFlowLocalAssembler& pmFlowLocalAssembler,
                               Dune::index_constant<j> domainIdJ,
                               GridIndexType<j> dofIdxGlobalJ,
                               const PrimaryVariables<j>& priVarsJ,
                               unsigned int pvIdxJ)
    {
        // communicate the deflected displacement
        ParentType::updateCouplingContext(pmFlowDomainId, pmFlowLocalAssembler, domainIdJ, dofIdxGlobalJ, priVarsJ, pvIdxJ);
    }
 
    using ParentType::updateCoupledVariables;
 
    template< class PMFlowLocalAssembler, class UpdatableFluxVarCache >
    void updateCoupledVariables(Dune::index_constant<PMFlowId> pmFlowDomainId,
                                const PMFlowLocalAssembler& pmFlowLocalAssembler,
                                ElementVolumeVariables<PMFlowId>& elemVolVars,
                                UpdatableFluxVarCache& elemFluxVarsCache)
    {
        // update the element volume variables to obtain the updated porosity/permeability
        elemVolVars.bind(pmFlowLocalAssembler.element(),
                         pmFlowLocalAssembler.fvGeometry(),
                         this->curSol(pmFlowDomainId));
 
        // update the transmissibilities subject to the new permeabilities
        elemFluxVarsCache.update(pmFlowLocalAssembler.element(),
                                 pmFlowLocalAssembler.fvGeometry(),
                                 elemVolVars);
    }
 
    template< class PoroMechLocalAssembler, class UpdatableFluxVarCache >
    void updateCoupledVariables(Dune::index_constant<PoroMechId> poroMechDomainId,
                                const PoroMechLocalAssembler& poroMechLocalAssembler,
                                ElementVolumeVariables<PoroMechId>& elemVolVars,
                                UpdatableFluxVarCache& elemFluxVarsCache)
    {
        elemVolVars.bind(poroMechLocalAssembler.element(),
                         poroMechLocalAssembler.fvGeometry(),
                         this->curSol(poroMechDomainId));
    }
 
    template< class PMFlowLocalAssembler >
    typename LocalResidual<PMFlowId>::ElementResidualVector
    evalCouplingResidual(Dune::index_constant<PMFlowId> pmFlowDomainId,
                         const PMFlowLocalAssembler& pmFlowLocalAssembler,
                         Dune::index_constant<PoroMechId> poroMechDomainId,
                         GridIndexType<PoroMechId> dofIdxGlobalJ)
    {
        auto res = pmFlowLocalAssembler.localResidual().evalFluxAndSource(pmFlowLocalAssembler.element(),
                                                                          pmFlowLocalAssembler.fvGeometry(),
                                                                          pmFlowLocalAssembler.curElemVolVars(),
                                                                          pmFlowLocalAssembler.elemFluxVarsCache(),
                                                                          pmFlowLocalAssembler.elemBcTypes());
 
        // If the residual instationary, evaluate storage
        if (!pmFlowLocalAssembler.localResidual().isStationary())
            res += pmFlowLocalAssembler.localResidual().evalStorage(pmFlowLocalAssembler.element(),
                                                                    pmFlowLocalAssembler.fvGeometry(),
                                                                    pmFlowLocalAssembler.prevElemVolVars(),
                                                                    pmFlowLocalAssembler.curElemVolVars());
 
        return res;
    }
 
    template< class PoroMechLocalAssembler >
    typename LocalResidual<PoroMechId>::ElementResidualVector
    evalCouplingResidual(Dune::index_constant<PoroMechId> poroMechDomainId,
                         const PoroMechLocalAssembler& poroMechLocalAssembler,
                         Dune::index_constant<PMFlowId> pmFlowDomainId,
                         GridIndexType<PMFlowId> dofIdxGlobalJ)
    {
        return poroMechLocalAssembler.localResidual().evalFluxAndSource(poroMechLocalAssembler.element(),
                                                                        poroMechLocalAssembler.fvGeometry(),
                                                                        poroMechLocalAssembler.curElemVolVars(),
                                                                        poroMechLocalAssembler.elemFluxVarsCache(),
                                                                        poroMechLocalAssembler.elemBcTypes());
    }
 
    const VolumeVariables<PMFlowId>& getPMFlowVolVars(const Element<PoroMechId>& element) const
    {
        const auto eIdx = this->problem(poroMechId).gridGeometry().elementMapper().index(element);
        return (*poroMechCouplingContext_.pmFlowElemVolVars)[eIdx];
    }
 
    template<std::size_t i>
    const auto& curSol(Dune::index_constant<i> domainIdx) const
    { return ParentType::curSol(domainIdx); }
 
 
private:
    void initializeCouplingMap_()
    {
        // some references for convenience
        const auto& pmFlowGridGeom = this->problem(pmFlowId).gridGeometry();
        const auto& poroMechGridGeom = this->problem(poroMechId).gridGeometry();
 
        // make sure the two grids are really the same. Note that if the two grids
        // happen to have equal number of elements by chance, we don't detect this source of error.
        if (pmFlowGridGeom.gridView().size(0) != poroMechGridGeom.gridView().size(0))
            DUNE_THROW(Dune::InvalidStateException, "The two sub-problems are assumed to operate on the same mesh!");
 
        pmFlowCouplingMap_.resize(pmFlowGridGeom.gridView().size(0));
        static constexpr int dim = GridView<PMFlowId>::dimension;
        for (const auto& element : elements(pmFlowGridGeom.gridView()))
        {
            const auto eIdx = pmFlowGridGeom.elementMapper().index(element);
 
            // firstly, the element couples to the nodal dofs in itself
            for (int i = 0; i < element.geometry().corners(); ++i)
                pmFlowCouplingMap_[eIdx].push_back( poroMechGridGeom.vertexMapper().subIndex(element, i , dim) );
 
            // the pm flow problem couples to the same elements as in its own stencil
            // due to the dependency of the residual on all permeabilities in its stencil,
            // which in turn depend on the mechanical deformations.
            const auto& inverseConnectivity = pmFlowGridGeom.connectivityMap()[eIdx];
            for (const auto& dataJ : inverseConnectivity)
                for (int i = 0; i < element.geometry().corners(); ++i)
                    pmFlowCouplingMap_[dataJ.globalJ].push_back( poroMechGridGeom.vertexMapper().subIndex(element, i , dim) );
        }
 
        // make stencils unique
        for (auto& stencil : pmFlowCouplingMap_)
        {
            std::sort(stencil.begin(), stencil.end());
            stencil.erase(std::unique(stencil.begin(), stencil.end()), stencil.end());
        }
    }
 
    // Container for storing the coupling element stencils for the pm flow domain
    std::vector< CouplingStencilType<PMFlowId> > pmFlowCouplingMap_;
 
    // the coupling context of the poromechanics domain
    PoroMechanicsCouplingContext poroMechCouplingContext_;
};
 
} //end namespace Dumux
 
#endif